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f+h Intralogistics 2/2016

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f+h Intralogistics 2/2016

Islamic Republic of

Islamic Republic of Iran: Facts and figures Area: 1,648,195 square miles Length of the coastline: 2,440 miles Fixed telephone lines: 390 per 1,000 inhabitants (2014) Mobile telephone connections: 878 per 1,000 inhabitants (2014) Inhabitants: 2015: 78.6 million Population density: 2015: 47.7 inhabitants/ mile² Population growth: 1.2% per year Gross National Product (GNP, nominal): 2014: 416.5 billion US$ 2015: 396.9 billion US$ 2016 Forecast: 416.2 billion US$ 2014 2015 2016 Capital: Teheran: inhabitants around 12 million Business: BUSINESS AND ECONOMY Infrastructure: Rail network (Length and standard gauge): 8,483,5 miles (2014) Road network (hard top) : 160,366 miles (2010) Water ways: 850 miles Container ports: 4 (2014) Import: (2014) 65.4 billion US$ Export: (2014) 88.8 billion US$ Gas: Production (billion cubic meter): 172.6 (2014) Reserves (trillion cubic meter): 34 (2014) Oil: Production (thousand barrels per day): 3,614 (2014) Reserves (billion barrel): 158 (2014) Source: Germany Trade & Invest (GTAI) 2015, Auswärtiges Amt Germany Graphics: VFV, Sonja Schirmer f+h Distribution 2/2016

Supplement for international Supply Chain Management Preview 3/2016 Supply Chain Management From an embargo to a consumption frenzy? In the North, Iran borders the Caspian Sea and in the South the Persian Gulf. Direct neighbors include Turkey, Iraq, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Pakistan and Afghanistan. The country’s most important industrial sectors include the oil and gas industry, the petrochemical industry as well as the automotive and metal industries. Currently, the economy in Iran is predominantly directed and controlled by the state and religious foundations, although the private commercial sector is set to be noticeable strengthened and developed in future. Despite its continued large reserves of oil and natural gas, the country is striving to develop renewable energies. The main aim is to use wind power and solar energy to make the country less dependent on fossil fuels in future. With state funded projects, the government also wants to give international companies investment incentives. Around two thirds of the population in Iran are less than thirty years old, are well educated but are not happy about the strained economic situation in the country. In addition to local problems, the economic crisis is mainly a consequence of international sanctions. The sanctions against the oil and financial industries have had a particularly negative effect. On January 16, 2016, the United Nations and European Union lifted their economic and financial sanctions against Iran as part of the nuclear agreement reached in Vienna, Austria. The USA slightly relaxed restrictions implemented by their bilateral trade embargo. Iran can once again export an unlimited amount of oil and gas and has access to international payment transactions. Europe is expecting a significant increase in the trade volume following the abolishment of the financial and economic sanctions. An important indicator of this was the high level of consumer spending, especially by the younger population, once the embargo was lifted. This assumption is further corroborated by the continuing high levels of per capita income of USD 16,463 (IMF estimate 2014). Text: Manfred Weber There are laws and ordinances under law that restrict the “freedom of foreign trade”. For this reason all companies must observe their permitting obligations, prohibitions and restrictions. One speaks in this context of export control regulations. Clearing Formalities Following the adoption of standards to secure and facilitate global trade through the World Customs Organization (WCO), there are very high demands on a specific description of the goods. Moreover, the requirements for a secure supply chain have increased. Global Business Indonesia – a growth market For several years Indonesia’s high economic growth has continued. The largest island state in the world is one of the most dynamic countries in Southeast Asia and is strongly influenced by the expanding domestic market. Furthermore, the European Union is negotiating with Indonesia about the free trade agreement “Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement” (CEPA). Is Indonesia the right marketplace to invest in? Closing date: 16.08.2016 Publishing date: 07.09.2016 f+h Intralogistics f+h Distribution 3/2015 2/2016 43

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